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DU(1) BSD General Commands Manual DU(1) NAME du -- display disk usage statistics SYNOPSIS du [-achkrsx] [-H | -L | -P] [-d depth] [file ...] DESCRIPTION The du utility displays the file system block usage for each file argu- ment and for each directory in the file hierarchy rooted in each direc- tory argument. Note that the system block usage is usually greater than the actual size of the file. If no file is specified, the block usage of the hierarchy rooted in the current directory is displayed. The options are as follows: -a Display entries for files in addition to entries for directories. -c Display the grand total after all the arguments have been pro- cessed. -d depth Do not display entries for files and directories more than depth levels deep; -d 0 has the same effect as -s. Overrides earlier -d and -s options. -H Symbolic links on the command line are followed. Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed. -h "Human-readable" output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, Exabyte in order to re- duce the number of digits to four or less. -k By default, all sizes are reported in 512-byte block counts. The -k option causes the numbers to be reported in kilobyte counts. -L All symbolic links are followed. -P No symbolic links are followed. -r Generate messages about directories that cannot be read, files that cannot be opened, and so on. This is the default. -s Display only the total for each of the specified files and direc- tories. Overrides earlier -d options. -x File system mount points are not traversed. It is not an error to specify more than one of the mutually exclusive op- tions -h and -k. Where more than one of these options is specified, the last option given overrides the others. du counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they ref- erence unless the -H or -L option is specified. If either the -H or -L options are specified, storage used by any symbolic links which are fol- lowed is not counted or displayed. The -H, -L, and -P options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one spec- ified. Files having multiple hard links are counted (and displayed) a single time per du execution. ENVIRONMENT BLOCKSIZE Block counts will be displayed in units of this size block, unless the -k or -h option is specified. EXIT STATUS The du utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. SEE ALSO df(1), fts(3), symlink(7), quot(8) STANDARDS The du utility is compliant with the IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 ("POSIX.1") specification. The flags [-cdhP], as well as the BLOCKSIZE environment variable, are ex- tensions to that specification. The flag [-r] is accepted but ignored, for compatibility with systems im- plementing the obsolete X/Open Commands and Utilities Issue 5 ("XCU5") standard. HISTORY The du utility and its -a and -s options first appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX. The -r option first appeared in AT&T System III UNIX and is available since OpenBSD 2.3. The -k and -x options first appeared in 4.3BSD-Reno and -H in 4.4BSD. The -c and -L options first appeared in the GNU fileu- tils; -L and -P are available since 4.4BSD Lite1, -c since OpenBSD 2.1. The -d option first appeared in FreeBSD 2.2 and is available since OpenBSD 5.7, -h first appeared in FreeBSD 4.0 and is available since OpenBSD 2.9. AUTHORS This version of du was written by Chris Newcomb for 4.3BSD-Reno in 1989 and incorporates later contributions from Elan Amir, Keith Bostic, Luke Mewburn, Matt Bing, and Can Erkin Acar <canacar@openbsd.org>. BSD October 19, 2014 BSD
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | ENVIRONMENT | EXIT STATUS | SEE ALSO | STANDARDS | HISTORY | AUTHORS
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